Prunus avium (bird cherry) is a large, fast-growing deciduous tree of the Rosaceae family, native to Europe and Asia Minor. Botanically, it is characterized by a trunk with prominent transverse lenticels and large leaves that have typical extrafloral nectaries (red glands) on their stalks. The flowers are white, arranged in umbels, with most cultivars being cross-pollinated and requiring the presence of a pollinator. The fruit is a juicy, sweet drupe with a hard endocarp. Nutritionally, the fruits are an important source of quick energy in the form of simple sugars (glucose, fructose), fiber, potassium, and vitamin C. The phytochemical profile of dark varieties is dominated by high concentrations of anthocyanins (especially cyanidin-3-rutinoside), which are responsible for their deep red to black color and have strong antioxidant effects. Light and yellow varieties contain carotenoids and phenolic acids (e.g., hydroxycinnamic acid) instead of anthocyanins.
Rootstocks:
GiSelA 5
Ideal for intensive dense plantings and small gardens, as it significantly reduces tree growth. It ensures extremely early fruiting and high fruit set in the first years after planting.
GiSelA 6
Compared to G5, it is more vigorous, which means it anchors better in the soil and is less demanding in terms of irrigation and pruning. However, it retains the advantage of early fruiting and high fruit quality.
Maxma 14
A semi-dwarf rootstock that anchors excellently and, unlike others, tolerates heavier soils and higher calcium content. It promotes the formation of large fruits, early fruiting, and is resistant to chlorosis.
GiSelA 12
Suitable for poorer soil conditions and weaker growing varieties, to which it provides the necessary vitality. Despite its more vigorous growth, it retains early fruiting, high productivity, and good health.
Prunus mahaleb
Intended primarily for dry and cold areas, it can handle a variety of conditions. Thanks to its deep root system, it is highly resistant to drought, ensuring the longevity of trees and good stability without the need for support.
